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PGFY
Course: Physiological Optics
Department/Abbreviation: OPT/PGFY
Year: 2021
Guarantee: 'prof. MUDr. Jiří Řehák, CSc., FEBO'
Annotation: Visual sense
Course review:
-Visual sense
-Weber-Fechner's law
-Description of a visual organ and auxiliary eye organs
-Optical system of the eye
-Schematic models of the eye, Gullstrand's eye, standard reduced eye
-Principal and nodal points of the eye
-Optical axis, visual axis
-Ametropic eye
-Visual acuity, central visual acuity and its measurement
-Age depending progress and changes of visual acuity
-Contrast sensitivity of the eye
-Axial and refractive ametropia, myopia and hypermetropia
-Astigmatism of the eye (regularis, irregularis, rectus, inversus, obliquus, corneal, total)
-Influence of eye pupil on the retinal image formation
-Depth of field
-Spherical aberration
-Stiles-Crawford effect
-Pupil reflexes (direct and consensual)
-Interrelationship of myosis, accommodation and convergence
-Accommodation of the eye
-Schachar's theory of accommodation
-Far and near point of the eye
-Range of accommodation
-ACA ratio
-Presbyopia
-Investigation of refractive errors of the eye, objective and subjective methods
-Correction of ametropia
-Surgical correction of refractive errors
-Spectacle lenses and contact lenses correction - comparison of image magnification, visual field and convergence
-Aniseikonia, anisometropia, correction of aniseikonia
-Correction of presbyopia
-Structure of eye retina
-Photoreceptors of the eye, rots and cones and their retinal distribution
-Convergence of photoreceptors
-Space summation
-Spectral sensitivity of photoreceptors
-Dissociation of rhodopsin by light and stimulation of photoreceptors
-Regeneration of rhodopsin
-Dark and light adaptation of the eye, adaptation curve
-Photopic and scotopic vision
-Purkinje shift
-Receptive field and function of retinal neurons
-Magnocellular and parvocellucar projection system
-Bioelectrical activity of retina, electroretinogram
-Colour vision
-Trichromatic system of CIE
-Trichromatic theory of colour vision
-Hering's theory of opposite colours
-Colour vision disorders and their investigation
-Dichromacy, monochromacy
-Anomaly trichromacy, disorders of colour sense
-Description of visual track (from photoreceptors to cortex)
-Projection of retinal image to the brain hemispheres
-Visual field and its defects
-Central and peripheral visual field
-Kinetic and static perimetry
-Binocular vision
-Coordination of eye movements
-Grades of binocular vision, anomaly of binocular vision
-Binocular fixation.
-Retinal correspondence and anomaly retinal correspondence
-Fixation disparity
-Horopter
-Panum's space and area, single binocular vision
-Spatial perception, spatial parallax
-Measurement of stereopsis
-Diplopia
-Heterophoria, its measurement and treatment
-Amblyopia and its treatment
-Classification of amblyopia
-Concomitant and incomitant strabismus
-Eye movements
-Conjugate and disjunctive movements
-Fixation movements
-Saccadic movements
-Smooth tracking movements
-Herign's and Sherington's law
-Nystagmus
-Optokinetic nystagmus
-Diseased nystagmus
-REM
-Development of the eye and visual functions, ametropisation of the eye, development of binocular vision, empiristic and nativistic theory