AJFU

Course: Atomic and nuclear physics

Department/Abbreviation: KEF/AJFU

Year: 2021

Guarantee: 'doc. Mgr. Vít Procházka, Ph.D.'

Annotation: The aim is to study atomic physics, nuclear physics and physics of elementar particles. The most important historical experiments are discussed. Problems of measuremnt are discussed to. The experimental work is concentrated on the basic measurement in atomic physics.

Course review:
1. Introduction to the physics of the microworld, basic conceptions of the quantum physics 2. Hydrogen atom and its spectrum, atoms with more electrons, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund rules, filling of orbitals 3.Electromagnetic transitions in an atom, probabilities of transition, selection rules, atomic spectroscopy, influence of external field on atomic spectra 4. Molecules, bonds in molecules, molecular spectroscopy 5.Atomic nucleus, protons, neutrons, basic characteristics of atomic nucleus 6.Transformations of atomic nucleus, models of atomic nucleus, nuclear reactions (disintegration and synthesis) 7.Application of nuclear physics - magnetic resonance, Mössbauer effect, neutron diffraction, use of radionuclides, nuclear reactors, possibilities of use of synthesis of nucleus 8.Dosimetry of ionization radiation, prevention against radiation, biological effect of ionization radiation 9.Cosmic radiation 10.Introduction to physics of high energies, elementary particles, trials of their systematization, interactions between them Experimental tasks: 1st week: compulsory safety training Determination of mass coefficient of reduction of beta-rays of 85Kr Dosimetry of ionizing radiation and prevention against its effects Measurement of spectra of gamma-ray sources Characteristics of Geiger-Müller detector Interaction of gamma-rays with a matter Experimental observation of Mössbauer effect and hyperfine interactions Study of electron-positron annihilation Study of properties of gaseous proportional detector Measurement of half-life of 137Ba Verification of the statistical character of the conversion law Comparison of efficiency of scintillation and Geiger-Müller detector of gamma-rays Determination of relative content of 40K isotope in natural mixture of potassium Absorption of alpha-rays