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(Předměty KEF a SLO)

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Moderní mikroskopické metody sticky icon

Course: Advanced Microscopic Methods

Department/Abbreviation: KEF/MMM

Year: 2021 2022

Guarantee: 'doc. RNDr. Roman Kubínek, CSc.'

Annotation: Overview of used modern microscopic methods - modern light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy

Course review:
Light microscopy - method of phase contrast, UV and IR microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, polarization microscopy, interference microscopy (Nomarski interference contrastm Hoffman modulation contrast), confocal laser microscopy, optical scanning near-field microscopy Electron microscopy - transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, low-voltage electron microscopy, electron microscopy with high resolution, electron microscopy with optional vacuum (biological application) Scanning probe microscopy - scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, magnetic force microscopy, electrostatic force microscopy, lateral force microscopy, scanning capacity microscopy, scanning temperature microscopy, scanning optical near-field microscopy, methods related to the group of methods of scanning probe microscopy

Fyzikální praktikum (atomistika) sticky icon

Course: Practicals in nuclear physics

Department/Abbreviation: KEF/FP5

Year: 2021 2022

Guarantee: 'doc. Mgr. Vít Procházka, Ph.D.'

Annotation: Laboratory tasks in atomic and nuclear physics.

Course review:
1st week: compulsory safety training List of laboratory tasks for the physical practicum from atomic and nuclear physics: 1. Measurement of spectra of gamma-ray sources 2. Characteristics of Geiger-Müller detector 3. Interaction of gamma-rays with a matter 4. Experimental observation of Mössbauer effect and hyperfine interactions 5. Study of electron-positron annihilation 6. Study of properties of gaseous proportional detector 7. Verification of the statistical character of the conversion law 8. Comparison of efficiency of scintillation and Geiger-Müller detector of gamma-rays 9. SPM 10. Franck-Hertz experiment 11. Balmer series, Rydberger constant 12. NMR

Elektřina a magnetismus sticky icon

Course: Electricity and Magnetism

Department/Abbreviation: KEF/EMG

Year: 2021 2022

Guarantee: 'doc. RNDr. Roman Kubínek, CSc.'

Annotation: Basic course in electricity and magnetism.

Course review:
Electrostatic field on vacuum - Coulomb Law and its application, principle of superposition, description of electrostatic field, intensity of electric field, potential of electric field, Gauss electrostatic theorem and its applications, potential energy of a charge in electrostatic field, electric potential, calculation of electric potential, electrostatic field of a charged conductor, distribution of a charge on a surface of charged conductor, electrostatic induction, capacity of a single conductor, capacitors, connections of capacitors

  • Electrostatic field in a dielectric matter - polarization of a dielectric matter, vector of polarization, dielectric susceptibility and relative permittivity, vector of electric induction, generalized Gauss theorem, vectors of electric field intensity and induction at the interface of two dielectric materials, dielectric materials and their uses, energy of electrostatic field, electrostatic measuring devices
  • Steady electric current - types of electric current, magnitude of electric current, density of electric current, equation of continuity and 1st Kirchhoff Law, Ohm Law, resistance of a conductor, connections of conductors, work and power of electric current, dependence of resistance on temperature, superconductivity, nonlinear conductors, circuit with a source of electromotoric voltage, source of electric current, 2nd Kirchhoff Law, solving of electric network, Regulation of electric current and voltage, conduction of electric current in semiconductors, electrolytes, gases and in vacuum
  • Stationary magnetic field - basic magnetic phenomena, Biot-Savart-Laplace Law, Lorentz force, calculation of magnetic fields, motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields, magnetic induction flow, Ampere Law of overall current, action of magnetic field on a conductor with electric current, electric measuring devices, action of force between two conductors carrying electric current, definition of ampere
  • Magnetic field in matter medium - diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials, vector of magnetization and magnetic polarization, magnetic circuit
  • Non-stationary electromagnetic field - Faraday Law of electromagnetic induction, mutual induction, intrinsic induction, eddy currents, energy of magnetic field, transient phenomena in RL and RC circuits, origin of alternating electric current
  • Basic characteristics of alternating electric current and voltage - bipolar R, L, and C elements in a circuit with alternating electric current, impedance and admittance, work and power of alternating electric current, phasors, serial and parallel RLC circuit, solving of RLC circuits by phasors, symbolic complex method
  • Electric machines - transformers, generators and electromotors, three-phase electric current, rotating magnetic field, three-phase electromotors
  • Electromagnetic oscillations and waves - damped oscillations in RLC circuit, undamped oscillations (oscillators), forced oscillations in electric circuits, coupled circuits, high-frequency electric currents, circuits with distributed parameters, Lecher line, half-wave dipole, antennas, electromagnetic waves and their properties, propagation of electromagnetic waves, Maxwell equations for non-stationary

     

    SkriptaSkripta (PDF 4,7 MiB)

    Sbírka příkladůSbírka (PDF 647 kiB)

    • Atomová a jaderná fyzika sticky icon

    Course: Atomic and Nuclear Physics

    Department/Abbreviation: KEF/AJF

    Year: 2021 2022

    Guarantee: 'prof. RNDr. Miroslav Mašláň, CSc.'

    Annotation: Basic course in atomic and nuclear physics.

    Course review:
    1. Introduction to the physics of the microworld, basic conceptions of the quantum physics 2. Hydrogen atom and its spectrum, atoms with more electrons, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund rules, filling of orbitals 3.Electromagnetic transitions in an atom, probabilities of transition, selection rules, atomic spectroscopy, influence of external field on atomic spectra 4. Molecules, bonds in molecules, molecular spectroscopy 5.Atomic nucleus, protons, neutrons, basic characteristics of atomic nucleus 6.Transformations of atomic nucleus, models of atomic nucleus, nuclear reactions (disintegration and synthesis) 7.Application of nuclear physics - magnetic resonance, Mössbauer effect, neutron diffraction, use of radionuclides, nuclear reactors, possibilities of use of synthesis of nucleus 8.Dosimetry of ionization radiation, prevention against radiation, biological effect of ionization radiation 9.Cosmic radiation 10.Introduction to physics of high energies, elementary particles, trials of their systematization, interactions between them

     

    Fyzikální praktikum (mechanika) sticky icon

    Course: Practicals in Mechanics

    Department/Abbreviation: KEF/FP1

    Year: 2021 2022

    Guarantee: 'Mgr. David Smrčka, Ph.D.'

    Annotation: Laboratory tasks for the physical practicum (mechanics, oscillations and waves, acoustics)

    Course review:
    1st week: compulsory safety training Laboratory tasks of the 1st cycle: 1. Measurement of the moment of inertia 2. Measurement of the shear modulus (static method, dynamic method) 3. Mechanical hysteresis: (a) measurement of the hysteresis loop, (b) determination of elastic modulus of various materials from the torsion of the rods 4. Measurement of the density of the liquids by (a) submersible body and (b) connected vessels 5. Measurement of the density of the solids by (a) direct method, (b) hydrostatic method and (c) pyctometer 2nd cycle: 1.

  • Coupled pendulums - measurement on coupled pendulums by SCOPE WIN computer programme
  • Measurement of the shear modulus by (a) static method and (b) dynamic method
  • Basic acoustic measurements by Kundt tube and cylindrical resonator, examination of musical acoustics by ISES system
    Laboratory tasks of the 2nd cycle: 1. Measurement with the 3-axis gyroscope 2. Measurement of gravitational acceleration by reverse pendulum, dependence of oscillation time of physical pendulum on g - Mach pendulum 3.Measurement on mathematical pendulum 4. Balistic pendulum. 5. Measurement on the train set

     

    Návody k úlohám (ZIP 3,3 MiB)

     

    • Elektronická měření sticky icon

    Info nedostupné/Not available

    Aplikovaná elektronika sticky icon

    Course: Applied Electronics

    Department/Abbreviation: KEF/APEL

    Year: 2021 2022

    Guarantee: 'Mgr. Milan Vůjtek, Ph.D.'

    Annotation: Obtain knowledge about operation amplifiers, active filers and PID regulation.

    Course review:
    Extended applications fo ideal op-amp Real op-amp Operational network and feedback U/U, U/I, I/U and I/I amplifiers with real op-amp Aplication of analog circuits (analog multiplication and division, multiplexing) Active filters, digital filters Fundamentals of PID Simmulations in MultiSIM

     

    SkriptaSkripta (PDF 817 KiB)

    Optické spektroskopie 1

    Course: Optical Spectroscopies 1

    Department/Abbreviation: KEF/OSP1

    Year: 2021 2022

    Guarantee: 'doc. RNDr. Martin Kubala, Ph.D.'

    Annotation:

    • Sources of light and ways of excitation. Absorption spectroscopy. Experimental technique of absorption spectroscopy. Luminescence. Applications of fluorescent spectroscopy. Fluorophores.

      Course review:
      1. Introduction (spectroscopies - what is it and why do we use it, interaction of light and matter, energy of light, units, UV/VIS/NIR spectral range). 2. Sources and detectors of light (lasers, diodes, lamps, synchrotron rays, CW-, pulsed- and modulated-light, total internal reflection, principles of light detection, photomultipliers, photodiodes, CCD). 3. Absorption spectroscopy (derivation of Lambert-Beer law, presentation of spectra, photobleaching, transient absorption, experimental setup in absorption spectroscopy, experimental technic in absorption spectrocopy). 4. Absorption of biologically important molecules, perception of light, detection of light by living organisms. 5. Luminescence. Phenomenon of luminescence, Jabloński diagram, sorting of luminescences, sorting of photoluminescences, delayed fluorescence, elementary characteristics of luminescence. 6. Experimental technic for measurement of photoluminescence. Experimental setup in luminescence spectroscopy (comparison to absorption s.), spectral limits, sources, monochromators, samples, detectors, other optical elements. 7. Steady-state fluorescence (intensity, excitation-, emission and synchronnous spectra, quantum yield). 8.Fluorescence measurement using a pulsed light (time-domain) (kinetic, DAS, TRES). 9. Fluorescence measurement using a harmonically-modulated light (phase-domain). 10. Fluorophores. Intrinsic fluorophores, fluorescence probes, sensors, fluorescent proteins.10. Single-molecule spectroscopy. 11. Measurements using polarized light (anisotropy, rotational correlation time, Perrin equation, time-resolved measurement). 12. Fluorescence quenching (static, dynamic, Stern-Volmer equation). 13. FRET. 14. Fluorescence microscopy (confocal, FLIM, STED). 15. Measurement of intensity fluctuations (FIDA, FCS, FRAP). 16. Single-molecule spectroscopies. 17. Multiphoton excitation of fluorescence. 18. Solvent effects.

       

    Pokročilé mikroskopické techniky

    Course: Advanced Microscopic Techniques

    Department/Abbreviation: KEF/NMIK

    Year: 2021 2022

    Guarantee: 'doc. RNDr. Roman Kubínek, CSc.'

    Annotation: Light microscopy Near-field optical microscopy and selected super-resolution microscopic techniques. 4Pi microscopy, microscopy with structured illumination (SIM), microscopy using stimulated emission depletion (STED), and PALM, FPALM, STORM, methods for studying organic molecular formations. Electron microscopy TEM and SEM advanced techniques - TEM diffraction, TEM tomography, electron holography, HRTEM, WDS and EDS elemental chemical analysis using characteristic X-ray radiation. Combined scanning and transmission electron microscopy (STEM) technique to achieve high resolution (HRSTEM). Electron-Energy_Loss Spectrocopy (EELS) and Energy-Filtered TEM (EFTEM). EBSD methods for displaying polycrystalline material by backscattered electrons that yield high contrast polycrystalline grain grains and visualize high resolution local stress distribution and local deformation. Technique 4D EM - four-dimensional electron microscopy, ion microscopy, especially using He ions. Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in Contact, Noncontact and Tapping modes, Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM), Lateral Force Microscopy (LFM), Modulated Force Microscopy (FMM), Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM), Kelvin microscopy, conductivity microscopy, transverse force microscopy (TDFM) and other SPM clones for the study of nanomaterials and nanostructures. Methods of electron lithography and lithographic techniques using SPM (atom manipulation, chemical reaction initiated by STM, nanoshaving and nanografting, self-organization of nanostructures induced by SPM, local anodic oxidation (LAO), constructive nanolithography (CNL), charge record, Dip-pen, enzymatically assisted lithography, AFM thermal lithography of polymers, magnetic and ferroelectric lithography, Atom Probe Tomography for the study of solids, with the possibility of achieving 3D chemical analysis with atomic resolution.

     

    Přednáška
    Nanoskopie
    (PDF 6,9 MiB)

    Ukázkové příklady

    Zápočet z předmětu KEF/EL, ELN elektronika je tvořen písemným testem na počítání příkladů. V příloze jsou ukázkové příklady, které mohou být součástí testu.

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